We Are Exposed American Culture And Society - 1337 Words

In Allen Ginsberg’s poem, Howl, we are exposed American culture and society in the 1940s-50s through the narrator’s eyes. According to the narrator, the society looks down upon those who don’t conform to its rules and culture. This materialistic and militaristic culture had destroyed and drove them with â€Å"madness† and starved with â€Å"hysterical naked† looking for â€Å"an angry fix†. Just like the title suggest, this poem is a loud cry for the generation oppressed by the conformed American society that didn’t value artistic creativity. He openly describes and discusses his experiences in drug uses and involvement in various of unusual incidents and how they could be associated with the search of spiritual/ religious madness. Right away, we get a religious sense from this poem through the words like â€Å"angel headed hipsters†, â€Å"heavenly connection† and â€Å"Mohammedan angels†. Ginsberg uses differen t religious/spiritual imagery and implication to portray the oppression his generation face. He calls for change in the current political and social system of his time. The poem begins with Ginsberg stating that he â€Å"saw the best minds of his generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked, dragging themselves through the Negro street at dawn looking for an angry fix, angel headed hipster burning for the ancient heavenly connection to the starry dynamo in the machinery of night† (Ginsberg Line 1.) These â€Å"best minds† have been ostracized by society for their opposition to conform toShow MoreRelatedAnthropology-Culture and Globalization1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthroughout our readings, lectures, videos, and textbook we learn the effects of globalization on the different nations we studied. I often felt sad for these nations because we were encouraging them to practice our traditions and therefore their personal identities and culture were lost. Othe r than to improve healthcare and poverty through medical care and education I could not find positive improvements. In fact it appeared in most cases we were trying to force our beliefs and practices on theseRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Aspects of Video Games in Society968 Words   |  4 PagesIn our modern society, we rely on varieties of entertainment in order to satisfy our need for enjoyment. One type of entertainment, which is currently becoming more prominent in our culture is video games. As it is becoming more prominent, it is also evolving throughout the years. Video games now are becoming more complex and influential in our society. People can use this type of entertainment was a way to relieve stress or a way to socialize with others online. Video games is almost available everywhereRead MoreA Young Age1166 Words   |  5 Pages Tatum explains how white individuals, at a young age are taught by the American culture that they have superiority over people of color. These assumptions can be made based on social media and institutions such as school. Parents also plays a huge role on influencing their children on what to think about on certain groups. For examples, children at a young age watches cartoons and based off of those images, they grow up thinking that those assumptions are accurate. Due to this, they make assumptionsRead MoreRacial Prejudice : What Causes It?1566 Words   |  7 PagesHSP3U.04 2 May 2017 Racial Prejudice- What Causes It? Prejudice is the result of human culture, external influences, ethnocentric views, and our personal fear of others. As humans we are quick to judge each other, skewing the way that we view an individual based off of social stereotypes. Humans are not born with prejudice. They learn from what they see and hear. As humans we model the behaviour that we are exposed to and have learned to identify with false accusations. 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Shouldn’t other subject curriculums, specifically English, be just asRead MoreCultural History And Cultural Beliefs1442 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one begins the discussion of cultural history that is, who we are as individuals, what experiences, beliefs, and factors that shape us into the individuals that we are today. It is important to have an understanding of what culture represents in our society. Exploring cultural history encompasses the combination of anthropology and history alike to further explore popular cultural interpretations and traditions as seen through historical experiences. Meaning, an examination of records, pastRead MoreDefining Normative And Subjective Culture1743 Words   |  7 Pages We are all defined, and heavily influenced by, the culture in which we have grown and adopted. Culture is defined as â⠂¬Å"the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group†, according to The Oxford Dictionary, and can be separated into two specific classifications known as normative and subjective culture. Normative culture is â€Å"the connecting beliefs, values, tradition, economy, political and social institutions, artistic expressions and collectiveRead MoreThe Medias Impossible Value Of Body Image1332 Words   |  6 Pageswomen go through puberty, they begin to mature both physically and emotionally. Particularly, women begin to gain weight when they undergo puberty. Throughout their adolescence, women are exposed to harsh opinions others have on their bodies and how they should carry themselves. Most importantly, women are exposed to society’s values through the use of media. Women begin to value their body image and force themselves to conform to society’s idea of the â€Å"perfect body†. Personally, I think of body image

Synthesis Of Some Novel Pyrido Essay - 1556 Words

Synthesis of some novel Pyrido [2, 3-d] pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents Mohamed Abd Ellatif Chemistry department, Faculty of science, Damanhour University, Egypt Email: mf_mohanad@yahoo.com mohamedabdellatif@dmu.edu.eg Abstract: The reactions of 2-amino-3-cyano-4.6-diarylpyridines with formic acid, glacial acetic acid, benzoyl chloride, formamide and acetamide afforded 5-(5-substitutedfuran-2-yl)-7-(4-substitutedphenyl)-3H-pyrido[2,3-d] Pyrimidin-4-one , 2-methyl-5-(5-substitutedfuran-2-yl)-7-(4- substituted phenyl)-3H-pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-one, 5-(5-substitutedfuran-2-yl)-7-(4-substitutedphenyl)-2-phenyl-3H-pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-one, 5-(5-substitutedfuran-2-yl)-7-(4-substituted phenyl)-pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine, 5-(5-substitutedfuran-2-yl)-7-(4-substitutedphenyl)-2-methyl-pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine, respectively. The newly synthesized heterocycles were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral data. Compounds have been screened for their antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. Key words: 5-substitutedfuran-2-yl, pyrimidine, Antimicrobial, Anticancer. Introduction: Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines derivatives comprise a diverse and interesting group of drugs1,2. Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines in general are extremely important for their biological activities. For example, some are antitumour3, antibacterial4, anticonvulsant5, antipyretic6, analgesic7, and CNS

Volunteer Tourism and Cross-Cultural-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write a Detailed Critical Review of Jornal Artical about Votunteer Tourism and Cross-Cultural. Answer: Introduction The topic revolves around the concepts of volunteer tourism and cross-cultural understanding through the management of volunteer experiences. The concept of volunteer tourism has become popular nowadays, and the individuals within the travel and tourism industry have allowed the individuals to combine the travel and tourism activities with the voluntary work. The volunteer tourism is an effective reciprocal form of tourism that has facilitated the development of cross-cultural activities and enabled understanding among the participants effectively and easily. The journal article presented by Rachel Leigh Wilson has been studied thoroughly for gaining relevant ideas and knowledge regarding proper management of volunteer tourism programs which can reduce the chances of cross-cultural understanding and manage reinforcement of cultural stereotypes with ease and effectiveness[1]. By conducting an Appreciative Inquiry into various volunteer programs, it will be easy to explore new ideas an d concepts and furthermore determine the impact of volunteer tourism on the cultural understanding within the organisation. The findings further can help in ensuring that the cross-cultural understanding development will be perceived as a major objective of the volunteer tourism rather than sending the volunteers outside the country. Following this journal article will also be essential for understanding the vital role played by volunteer tourism in facilitating the accomplishment of goals and objectives through the proactive management and volunteer tourism programmes too. Volunteer tourism According to the journal article presented by Rachel Leigh Wilson, volunteer tourism is an important kind of travel and tourism concept, and it is not a part of the mass tourism and travel. The main purpose of the volunteer tourism is to develop a relationship between the traveller or volunteer and the respective host countries where both of them can be mutually benefited. This new and innovative tourism experience can create a sense of self-awareness and manage cross cultural understanding in a detailed manner to understand the individuals who have participated in the volunteer tourism programs in Singapore[2]. Volunteer tourism is an essential aspect of tourism that not only fosters the development of cross-cultural understanding but also allows the volunteer to gain better self-awareness skills and furthermore determine the level of motivation, expectations, knowledge and other tourism aspects. The voluntourism concept combines both the tourism and volunteering aspects, which is considered as an effective international travel and tourism aspect that can contribute to the sustainable development by adapting to the new culture and country[3]. The voluntourism also makes ways for efficiently managing volunteering work and furthermore allow the volunteers to participate in the tourism and volunteer works at the same time with ease and effectiveness. While working overseas, the majority of volunteers have managed to live p with the local host families for gaining an understanding of the cross-cultural concepts, manage tourism, and travel in an effective manner. The host family would welcome the volunteers to their home and provide them with opportunities to become a part of the community by sharing their everyday lives and customs. The volunteers can also celebrate their birthdays, some occasions with the host families as well while returning from their visit to the country[4]. From the journal article, it could be understood that people could not value what they actually did not understand and thus it would be necessary to gain an understanding of the local components and how those could contribute to the value addition within the travel and tourism industry. The skills that have been gained while sharing knowledge and information could help in managing the environment with travellers and tourists and furthermore understand how the tourism might create an impact on the development of cross-cultural understanding[5]. The volunteer tourism has largely contributed to the sustainable volunteer project and even the implementation of long term development by utilizing the skills, time, resource and energy effectively. This would also provide enough opportunities to managing enhanced learning and allow individuals to gain proper education and furthermore provide support to an entire family as well. The participation in voluntourism can help in contributing to a large extent to the local economy. The volunteers take advantages to go to various locations and do sightseeing and make island tours. There are many countries including Singapore rely heavily on the income generated from travel and tourism and the journal article, it is clearly understood that the volunteers support local businesses[6]. The voluntourism supports the local staffs, which can also provide lots of employment opportunities to the local people and allow them to pursue further training and development sessions to improve their skills, knowledge and expertise level. Cross cultural understanding in volunteer tourism There are differences between the volunteer tourism industry and other tourism forms, and thus it is the responsibility of the volunteers to interact with the local and social communities and contribute to the understanding of the culture that is being volunteered by individuals. The Cross-cultural understanding can help to gain proper understandings of the local culture where all the volunteers are present and gain awareness of the socio-economic, cultural, environmental and local issues which can create a positive or negative impact on the local community. The cross-cultural understanding also helps in making people learn, acknowledge, identify, analyse and interpret situations and conditions for preventing the issues related to a misunderstanding created due to the cultural differences[7]. The volunteers must create an open-minded approach to breaking down the components of previous stereotypes and manage the power assumptions through a cross-cultural understanding with ease and e ffectiveness. According to the journal article, the business organisations within the travel and tourism industry can also foster the development of good relationships between the host countries and volunteers through a better understanding of knowledge before travel. This would also include critical reflections made on behalf of the motivations of volunteers, understanding of expectations and provide reflections based on the travel and tourism experiences as well[8]. The volunteers of travel and tourism must also try to prevent misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the contribution made by the host communities to the experiences, skills and knowledge of volunteers. The cross-cultural understanding can also disseminate or disperse the various stereotypes and assumptions of power distributed between the developing and developed nations by gaining a thorough understanding of the experiences and skills based on cross-cultural understanding[9]. Volunteer travel and tourism have been rising among the Singapore based travellers and tourists nowadays. According to various surveys, it was seen that many of the travellers preferred the charitable work in Singapore as well as working aboard. Voluntourism has also managed to conduct a proper research on the organisation, which has been considered while travelling with. The vast amount of Experience, sustainability, financial roles and responsibilities are the important components for running programs and benefit the population positively[10]. Various theories and concepts Hofstede Cultural Dimensions theory One of the major theories of cross-cultural understanding through volunteering experience could be the Hofstede Cultural dimensions theory. This kind of effective theory acts as a framework for managing cross-cultural communication and determine the impacts created by the culture within the society based on the values of members, values related to the behaviours and structure associated with the factor analysis too[11]. The Hofstede cultural dimension theory utilizes the factor analysis for evaluating the outcomes by a survey of employee values and work on the four dimensions of culture including the individualism, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power index and masculinity and femininity. Another additional cultural dimension could be the indulgence versus self-restraint[12]. The Hofstede theory has created a major research for carrying out the cross-cultural activities in an effective way as well as ensures successful international communication and business with ease and effectiveness. It is preferred by many authors of the journal because it is a preferred resource in the cross-cultural fields and enables studying the values, beliefs and other important concepts of cross culture and social beliefs creating an impact on the volunteer tourism[13]. Based on the journal article presented by Frederick, Leon and Arpana Gupta, to manage voluntourism in an effective and easy way, it is important to address issues regarding race, ethnicity, religion, values and styles of international communication. The demographics continue to change from time to time within a diversity, and thus it is essential to open doors for volunteer tourism and enable the tourists and travellers from various parts of the world to travel in global countries and contribute largely to the growth and sustainable development by adapting to the new culture of the country[14]. This would not only make them aware of the values and beliefs of the new place but would help them to explore the new concepts of cross-cultural communication and interact with people of that place by maintaining peace and harmony. The Hofstede cultural dimension theory considered the four major dimensions and analysed the cultures, which are different for the various countries. The power distance index allows the less knowledgeable workers to accept that services have been provided to them unequally. Here the volunteers are the workers who have believed that power distribution is done with discrimination and are not provided equally. The Uncertainty avoidance is another dimension of the Hofstede theory where the volunteers may face issues and even subject to some kind of harm due to certain situations. This can create beliefs among them and allow them to prevent such situations to the utmost level possible[15]. The Individualism vs collectivism dimension of the theory enables the volunteers to look after themselves as well as their families who are immediate. This is the degree to which the individuals within the society have been integrated into the groups while the collectivism represents the relationships built through tightly integrated relationships for gaining proper loyalty and support in case of any emergencies. Here the volunteers working within the travel and tourism industry have considered the travellers and tourists as their immediate families to create trust and loyalty and allow them to purchase the tourism services by adapting to the new culture of the place where they want to travel to. Within the masculine societies, female individuals are more emphatic and competitive, though less emphatic than the male individuals. Thus there is a certain gap between male and females[16]. Here the volunteers of tourism consider the male and female members equally, and they are made aware of the various cross-cultural dimensions before travel and purchase of tourism services. Bennetts Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity Another effective cross-cultural theory or model is the Bennett's Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity, which includes the six stages including the denial, defense, minimisation, acceptance, adaptation and integration. During the first stage, i.e., the denial stage, the tourists refuse to establish communication with people from different cultures and do not focus on the cultural aspects of that country. The volunteers have the roles and responsibilities to make them understand the cultural differences and ensure that they can enjoy their travel peacefully[17]. The defense stage allows the individuals to take into consideration the cultures that are inferior to their own culture and this results in creating criticism. The volunteers of tourism and travel must make them understand to respect every culture and consider the values and beliefs of that different culture as well. The minimisation phase allows for reducing the criticism and make individuals respect every culture and believe that these cultures share common values, which can further help in preventing the cultural differences too[18]. The acceptance stage is needed to be maintained for making the volunteers of tourism to understand the cultural differences and even allow them to learn those properly. This would further help them to adopt the new culture of that place and get accustomed with the behaviours and attitudes of people with ease and effectiveness. The integration stage is accomplished by making the individuals achieve long term goals and objectives and manage changes in their behaviours and styles during communication with individuals belonging from a different culture.[19] Conclusion Based on the journal article, few authors such as Hammersley explored the concepts of cross-cultural understanding by creating a systematic method of self-reflection and knowledge about the community, host countries and culture that would be adopted by the volunteers. This would contribute to the successful accomplishment of voluntourism and furthermore facilitate greater knowledge and understanding prior to the travel and tourism activities managed by the volunteers. While managing the voluntourism activities, it is necessary for the volunteers to understand the different culture and create enough scopes and opportunities for sustaining within the business environment with ease. The different theories and models related to cross cultural activities had also been illustrated here along with the other aspects of volunteer tourism for deriving a good conclusion in the end. References Blackman, D, A Benson, "The Role of the Psychological Contract in Managing Research Volunteer Tourism.". inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 27, 2010, 221-235. Brumbaugh, A, "The Impact of Diversity Seeking and Volunteer Orientation on Desire for Alternative Spring Break Programs.". inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 27, 2010, 474-490. Burrai, E, X Font, J Cochrane, "Destination Stakeholders' Perceptions of Volunteer Tourism: An Equity Theory Approach.". inInternational Journal of Tourism Research, 17, 2014, 451-459. Chang, M, J Jetten, "Understanding Cultural Identification.". inJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 2015, 1291-1295. Etri, W, "Reaching a Central Place of Understanding Intercultural Sensitivity in ELT - Dynamic Frames for Intercultural Sensitivity.". inSSRN Electronic Journal, , 2016. Hasanova, N, "Voluntourism.". inThe Journal of Perinatal Neonatal Nursing, 31, 2017, E3-E5. Hernandez, F, B Kose, "The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity.". inEducation and Urban Society, 44, 2011, 512-530. Hofstede, G, "Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context.". inOnline Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2, 2011. Jones, J, "Volunteer tourism in the global South.". in Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 14, 2014, 170-172. Kirillova, K, X Lehto, L Cai, "Volunteer Tourism and Intercultural Sensitivity: The Role of Interaction with Host Communities.". inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 32, 2015, 382-400. Nadeau, J, D Lord, "Justice motivation and place image influences on volunteer tourism: perceptions, responses, and deliberations.". inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, , 2017, 1-14. Park, J, D Kim, C Zhang, "Understanding Cross-National Differences in Risk Through a Localized Cultural Perspective.". inCross-Cultural Research, 50, 2015, 34-62. Raymond, E, C Hall, "The Development of Cross-Cultural (Mis)Understanding Through Volunteer Tourism.". inJournal of Sustainable Tourism, 16, 2008, 530-543. Ritchie, B, R Maitland, "Special Issue,Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing.". inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 22, 2007, 1-5. Tam, K, "Understanding Intergenerational Cultural Transmission Through the Role of Perceived Norms.". inJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 2015, 1260-1266. Tomazos, K, "Dr. Volunteer and Mr. Tourist: Lifting the Guilt off Volunteer Tourism.". inJournal of Tourism Hospitality, 05, 2016 D Blackman A Benson, "The Role of the Psychological Contract in Managing Research Volunteer Tourism", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 27, 2010, 221-235. K Kirillova, X Lehto L Cai, "Volunteer Tourism and Intercultural Sensitivity: The Role of Interaction with Host Communities", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 32, 2015, 382-400. D Blackman A Benson, "The Role of the Psychological Contract in Managing Research Volunteer Tourism", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 27, 2010, 221-235. A Brumbaugh, "The Impact of Diversity Seeking and Volunteer Orientation on Desire for Alternative Spring Break Programs", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 27, 2010, 474-490. E Burrai, X Font J Cochrane, "Destination Stakeholders' Perceptions of Volunteer Tourism: An Equity Theory Approach", in International Journal of Tourism Research, vol. 17, 2014, 451-459. M Chang J Jetten, "Understanding Cultural Identification", in Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 46, 2015, 1291-1295. K Kirillova, X Lehto L Cai, "Volunteer Tourism and Intercultural Sensitivity: The Role of Interaction with Host Communities", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 32, 2015, 382-400. J Nadeau D Lord, "Justice motivation and place image influences on volunteer tourism: perceptions, responses, and deliberations", inJournal of Travel Tourism Marketing, , 2017, 1-14. J Park, D Kim C Zhang, "Understanding Cross-National Differences in Risk Through a Localized Cultural Perspective", in Cross-Cultural Research, vol. 50, 2015, 34-62. E Raymond C Hall, "The Development of Cross-Cultural (Mis)Understanding Through Volunteer Tourism", in Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 16, 2008, 530-543. B Ritchie R Maitland, "Special Issue,Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 22, 2007, 1-5. J Jones, "Volunteer tourism in the global South", in Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, vol. 14, 2014, 170-172. M Strzelecka, G Nisbett K Woosnam, "The hedonic nature of conservation volunteer travel", inTourism Management, vol. 63, 2017, 417-425. K Tam, "Understanding Intergenerational Cultural Transmission Through the Role of Perceived Norms", in Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 46, 2015, 1260-1266. K Tomazos, "Dr. Volunteer and Mr. Tourist: Lifting the Guilt off Volunteer Tourism", in Journal of Tourism Hospitality, vol. 05, 2016. G Hofstede, "Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context", in Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, vol. 2, 2011. W Etri, "Reaching a Central Place of Understanding Intercultural Sensitivity in ELT - Dynamic Frames for Intercultural Sensitivity", in SSRN Electronic Journal, , 2016. K Kirillova, X Lehto L Cai, "Volunteer Tourism and Intercultural Sensitivity: The Role of Interaction with Host Communities", in Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, vol. 32, 2015, 382-400. N Hasanova, "Voluntourism", in The Journal of Perinatal Neonatal Nursing, vol. 31, 2017, E3-E5.

Tapping into a New Zeitgeist Women Consumers, Lifestyle Trends and the Red Experience

Tapping into a new zeitgeist The advertisement of the Red Magazine adopted three successful television ads creating the story lines of ‘defining moments’, ‘the strip’, and the ‘me-time’. Reflectively, these advertisements target the women in the age bracket between 30 to 40 years. Adopting an experimental advertisement approach, the marketing of the red magazine created the aura and feeling of personal touch and fantasy in reading the magazine.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tapping into a New Zeitgeist: Women Consumers, Lifestyle Trends and the Red Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The advertisement is very effective in terms of attention since it is decorated with simple to understand scenes besides the warm red colour. The strategically placed background red colour is an eye catcher associated with pomp and sophistication. In addition, the targeted viewer would immediately develop curiosity to understand the symbolic importance of the redmagazine for a woman alone in a house. As a result, it creates an intrinsic motivation response that triggers the mind to activate affiliation, self acceptance, and feign community feeling. In the end, this advertisement succeeds in appealing to emotions through capitalization on biases and prejudices of the women population between the age of 30 and 40 years. Experimental Appeals in Advertising Immediately after viewing the Virgin Atlantic Airways advertisement, a vivid person would develop a desire to associate with the advertisement since the setting of the scene is that of a relaxing environment that every potential traveler would want to associate with. This advertisement appeals to a balance between rational and emotional desire to respond to the message (Hackley 2010). In terms of action, this advertisement creates a picture of the reality of the effects of climatic change in nature. Notably, the b alance of colours and use of a common surrounding is likely to motivate action as the subconscious mind of a viewer would be activated to give a second thought to the message. Therefore, response to the advertisement will emaciate from the bandwagon technique which heaps pressure on the mind to follow the perceive message (Cook 2001). The Switzerland as a tourism destination advertisement is very manipulative and use tactics that directly and involuntarily appeal to the mind of the target person. Despite ignorance of the same and disbelief of their effects, this advertisement remains complex and significant in the choice of products owned by an individual planning to go on a holiday. The advertisement appeals to memory or emotional response to the beautiful scenery being enjoyed by the male traveler in the motion pictures (McClintock 1998). In this sense, such a person is lured into accepting the floating idea tourism service by the mind that always assumes comfort in trial in the b elief that it will have the same feeling.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Perception of the mind is often ignited through a series of propaganda initiatives aimed at awakening involuntary desire to possess or associate with a product or service. Advertising involves building friendly partnership and working relationship with a market segment without necessarily having physical contact with it (Leiss, Kline, Jhally and Botterill 2005). Therefore, through timely appeal to emotions and self prejudice, advertising agencies have realized that the human mind is often skewed towards embracing the ‘perceived goodness’ and need to identify with ‘the ideal’(Spurgeon, 2008). Interestingly, these aspects are clearly painted as perfect in the Dettol Cool advertisement that presents a visible difference with other soaps. Several advertisement criteria have succee ded in influencing the human mind into buying products, especially after the same have triggered their minds through experimental appeals (Hale 2011). Often, an average mind would easily be influenced by the brightness and attractive presentation.  In the process of decoding this message, mind is actually tuned towards accepting the rather imperfect product as perfect and very attractive. As a result, the customer would purchase such as product based on the influence of the glittery on the mind of the user in the advertisement (McFall 2004).  Through the envisioning creation of a simultaneous but independently functioning need to identify with attractiveness, a customer is easily swayed into buying the advertiser’s appeal when purchasing (Belch and Belch 2008). Often, the attractiveness is displayed in tonal variation and language affirmativeness that directly appeal to positives emotions among the target audience of the pitched idea. In the end, the target audience will â€Å"accept the product without thinking very much about what the glittering generalities mean-or whether they even apply to the product† (McClintock, 1998, p. 159). Interestingly, advertisers would capitalize on endorsements through testimonials from such figures to promote sales. For instance, in subtle difference makes image stereotyping a perfect situation in the minds of target persons (Percy and Elliott 2009). Therefore, when the image of the user as projected in such an advertisement resembles the perceived satisfaction of a customer, such a party would aspire to access the same benefits from use as indicated in the image shown. Therefore, the image of user displayed functions â€Å"as a feather on one side of the beam balance† (McClintock, 1998, p. 160).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tapping into a New Zeitgeist: Women Consumers, Lifestyle Trends and the Red Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Factually, situational image use in advertisement lowers rationality as it raises heavyweight reasoning that is associated with a perceived perfectness sense in human mind. For instance, in the advertisement of ‘Nivea for Men’ the man in the advertisement facilitates the ‘agenda-setting theory’ which interprets a client’s mental agenda through displaying a perfect odorless body gleaming against the sun. The mental agenda is heavily influenced by sound and sight of an object (Pickton and Broderick 2005). When the stimulus of mental response is evoked, the mind is swayed towards accepting the choice among present alternatives. Reference List Belch, G., and Belch, M 2008, Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective, McGraw Hill, New York. Cook, G 2001, The Discourse of Advertising, Routledge, London. Hackley, C 2010, Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Approach, Sage, London. Hale, C 2011, â€Å"Umberto Eco Takes Semiotics to the Masses,† Review of General Semantics, vol. 68, p. 9 Leiss, W., Kline, S., Jhally, S., and Botterill, J 2005, Social Communication in Advertising: consumption in the mediated marketplace, Routledge, London.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More McClintock, A 1998, Propaganda techniques in today’s advertising, Cambridge University Press, New York McFall, L 2004, Advertising: a Cultural Economy, Sage, London. Percy, L., and Elliott, R 2009, Strategic Advertising Management, Oxford University Press, Oxford Pickton, D., and Broderick, A 2005, Integrated Marketing Communications, Pearson Education, London. Spurgeon, C 2008, Advertising and New Media, Routledge, London. This essay on Tapping into a New Zeitgeist: Women Consumers, Lifestyle Trends and the Red Experience was written and submitted by user Cristian Bowman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An assessment of Lockes Writings

Abstract ideas According to Locke, an abstract idea is an idea which opens with a general term or terms. In this idea, the words are not arbitrarily used but stand for concepts which in turn represent things. This means that abstract ideas are not necessarily images as images can not be completely abstract (Locke II.8.8)Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on An assessment of Locke’s Writings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Abstract ideas are applied in perceptual judgement by picking out the common elements from the perceptions which look alike. According to Locke, this process is called abstraction. For example, when a person sees an object, the abstract idea that is registered about in the mind is the shape and brightness. Therefore, accustomed use of an object affects our perceptual judgement (Locke II.8.8-10). According to Locke, the acquisition of abstract ideas (abstraction) is achieved through exper iences at certain instances and later by comparison of ideas of meaning (percepts). The characteristics which are common in the percepts are then retained. Therefore, as the idea is experienced, it is also perceived and represented in perceptual experiences (Locke II.8.12-15). How abstract ideas are possible Locke points out that a triangle’s abstract idea as possible because it is a derivative of experience with various objects in nature with varying shapes. A composite mental picture forms having only common elements of perceptions of shape (Locke IV.7.8). Since there is possibility of images becoming abstract (according to Locke), the visualized image of the triangle may not determine the certain number of sides or other features. The image so visualized however corresponds to several other shapes (common element) which have a difference in the number of sides. The common element leads to a general name or a general idea (e.g. shapes or triangles). This is possible because the triangle equally conforms to all shapes but is none of the shapes in particular (Cummins’s notes). Abstraction of the triangle takes place by eliminating features which link it to other shapes. However, the different shapes cannot be recognized as it is the possession of the concept of shapes or triangles which necessitate recognition (Locke IV.7.9). Why Locke disagrees with innate ideas/principles Locke objected innate ideas because he believed that some of Descartes’ followers did not change the Pre-Cartesian position justified arbitrarily that almost all aspects, mans knowledge originates from innate principles.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He discredits Descartes’ platonic argument because the innate is a derivative of God and cannot err hence man is not infinitely perfect because at no point does experience present such a chance. Locke uses the c oncept of abstraction to object Descartes perception of simple and complex ideas by asserting that God’s idea is complex and man only experiences simple components in it (Locke I.1.3) This issue is important because Locke takes an indirect approach and doesn’t address the fact that innate things are from God. Instead, he assumes truthfulness of whatever is innate and doesn’t argue at any point against this. He further portrays the compatibility of innate principles with denial by defining innateness in various forms. It is important to note that in these definition forms, Locke accepts one which offers relative but not absolute rejection that â€Å"innateness is no guarantee of truth†. This also implies that Locke to some extent concurred with Descartes’ idea that if innateness occurs, then it is the work of God, a true fact (Locke I.1.1-3). Furthermore, the form of definition adopted by Locke that â€Å"whatever is innate is true†, if false , could mean that he defends innate principles. At this point, it would be difficult as he had no basis (Cummins’s notes). Moreover, Descartes in his book (Med III) does not address facts supporting innate principles. Therefore, it is important that the innateness of a principle be ascertained for it to be demonstrated as true (Locke I.1.1-3). Adequacy of our simple ideas Locke explains adequacy of simple ideas from the basis that visual presentations e.g. ring and abstract ideas e.g. yellow have to agree for a person to perceive appearance (â€Å"what people call yellow†) (Locke IV.1.4). According to Locke, the word ‘yellow’ is an idea which is simple hence the difference between agreement of visual presentations and abstract ideas is taken care of by the perception of appearance. This would however be impossible even based on Locke’s idea that ‘whatever is innate is true’ because of the complexity of the visual presentation which may vary in aspects such as texture, shape, color and size (Locke IV.1.4). Moreover, how adequate the abstract idea is poses less concern than the perception because the mind is unable to generate simple ideas (Locke IV.iv.5). This means that Locke is unable to link perception of appearance into the agreement of visual presentations and abstract ideas. However, this is possible because only adequacy with respect to the abstract idea is required and not adequacy with respect to the perception (Locke IV.1.4).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on An assessment of Locke’s Writings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ideas of secondary quality and objects By pointing out ideas of secondary quality lack of resemblance in the object, Locke does not approach secondary qualities as real qualities in objects but as powers. This means that concepts of secondary qualities are not those of real qualities but they are of powe rs. Lock uses the containment thesis to point out that powers (which he approaches as secondary qualities) are not used in objects unlike the existing thesis which implies that secondary qualities are non-existent in objects ( Locke II.8.8-12). The thesis pointed out in the later perceives ideas of secondary quality as being untrue with regard to objects, an argument which Locke fails to accept. In addition, the fact that ideas of secondary qualities (which are powers) may lose the power in them and still not change is not absolute because of the occurrence of the sense where secondary qualities do not exist in the objects that possess them. In this case, ideas of secondary quality are perceived as they were originally i.e. as conspiracies between objects. In summary however, Locke’s work and thoughts in this case does not emphasize the aspect of secondary qualities being existent in the objects (Locke II.8.12-18). Locke’s anti-skeptical arguments In these arguments, L ocke seeks to demonstrate the extent of knowledge i.e. intuition and demonstration and distinguish them from demonstration and faith. In the first anti-skeptical argument, he asserts that the existence of finite beings which lack us is not probable and certain because intuitive knowledge is from things which are external in our minds. Moreover, he mentions examples of objects which may be external in our minds such as wormwood and roses and suggests that these objects can be external in our minds but their revival is achieved by memorizing and hence they come to the mind through experience or senses (Locke IV.2.14). In the second argument, Locke strengthens the first argument further by asserting that objects cannot exist in our minds without us as it is certain that we experience them first. According to Locke, an argument contrary to this is nothing but skeptical, since the existence of objects even in dreams is perceived by our senses. It is therefore from these arguments that he comes up with the third degree or extent of mans knowledge, sensitive knowledge, which like intuition and demonstration varies in aspects of certainty, degree and proof mechanism ( Locke IV.2.14).Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More State of nature and state of war Locke uses the state of nature to explain political power clearly. He perceives that nature, bound by its own laws predisposes man to equality in terms of possession, political power and jurisdiction. With the above in place, Locke means that subordination is difficult to occur unless the lord gives dominion of one over the other. In turn, this yields charity, obligatory mutual love, responsibility and justice (Locke Treatise II.2.4- 5). According to Locke, liberty hence prevails amongst man in these conditions and only the obligatory laws of nature to act on man. However, Locke suggests that destruction can only be used to punish offenses which present unequal opportunity to nature (Locke Treatise II.2.5). Lock further points out that if the laws of nature are to be violated, then the same opportunity should be given to every man to avoid subjection. For the offenders who are locked up or punished, the intention is to present an equal opportunity fo r the remaining persons (Locke Treatise II.2.8-9). This jurisdiction to punish is sometimes not left to all men as some may act in a manner contrary to laws of nature (Locke Treatise II.2. 13-14). The state of nature is different from the state of war because in a state of war, enemity and destruction prevails to avert possible subjection. This is because the acts of subjection and subordination which occur in a state of war predispose a group to destruction therefore the need to ‘destroy before you are destroyed’. In a state of war, the attempt to put others in one’s power is the real cause of subjection hence perceived threats are destroyed to present an equal opportunity (Locke Treatise II.3. 16-18). After the perceived threat has been destroyed in a state of war, there exists equal application of the law. Locke however argues that this is not always the case unlike in a state of nature hence the existence of a superior judge whom no one can prevail over (Lock e Treatise II.3.19 – 20). Ends of political society and government Locke points out that civil societies are formed based on the key objective of the repressed members to protect their lives, estates and freedoms which Locke calls property. This is because the state of nature and its freedom negates the need for people in civil society to subject themselves to control and dominion by other powers (Locke Treatise II.9.123). The noxious way of exercising power by a government leader forces people to go into civil societies to protect their property, themselves and others. Therefore, in society, they derive legislative and executive powers which are checked by the society laws known to every member and entrusted to a few people who act as judges (Locke Treatise II.9.127-128). However, Locke acknowledges that civil society or even government may split to associations because of the leaders’ noxious way of applying the law irregularly to their own advantage. In a civil soci ety, men delegate their power, freedom and equality previously possessed in nature to the society with the sole intention of protecting their property by guarding against the defects in government hence a haven of peace and safety is created for people in a civil society (Locke Treatise II.9.131). In certain cases, the concept of civil society leads to a justification of revolution. This occurs because though laws of nature are equally applied to creatures, leaders in governments are biased and driven by their own interests and they contravene the fact that laws should be common and impartial to all. This means that to these leaders, the law is not binding. (Locke Treatise II.9.124). Moreover, the leaders in governments are both the leaders and the execution apparatus of laws hence they apply the law to their own interests. Since the state of nature negates the need for people to be subjected to control and dominion by other powers, revolutions eventually ensue because the leaders o ffend men, who by the laws of nature resist injustice to reprise the noxious leaders (Locke Treatise II.9.126). Compensating an offender and the injured party According to Locke, a magistrate can exonerate an offender from punishment based on the state of nature that every man has a right to punish an offender. He cannot however forego reparation of the injured party because this reparation belongs to the person who is injured. He (Locke) argues that it is almost similar in a case where a magistrate confers punishment in his own way for the good and safety of the public but not in the way stipulated by law. The same magistrate however cannot satisfy the injured party for the damage he has suffered. This is because the injured party himself reserves the right to claim. He is the only party or person who possesses the ability to remit the damage caused (Locke Treatise II.2.11). In addition, every man has the ability to punish crime and to prevent it from occurring again hence in this way, the injured party has the right to remit in a manner which he perceives as being commensurate to the offence and the offender. This implies that the issue of compensating the injured party is more weighty or critical than punishing an offender. Moreover, Locke perceives that all persons in nature’s state can punish crime or even kill depending on the degree to which the injured party can remit himself. Locke even cites illustrations from the bible to this end! He uses Cain’s fear f being killed after murdering his brother to point out the fact that every man is empowered by the state of nature to destroy a criminal before he is destroyed (Locke Treatise II.2.11). Leibniz and Locke on innateness Wilhelm Leibniz defends the notion of innate knowledge against Locke’s inability to prove beyond doubt about incoherence of innate knowledge. Leibniz argues that if it were to be based on Locke’s concept, then it doest mean that man knows his innate truths. Ac cording to Leibniz; the mind is linked to innate knowledge through predisposition. He perceives ideas as â€Å"indicators, dispositions, tendencies or natural potentialities and not actualities (Leibniz 52). Unlike Leibniz, Locke unknowingly attributes knowledge to be independent of any innate perceptions. Therefore according to Locke, man is born devoid of knowledge and what he acquires is only through experience (Locke I.i.4) Locke further suggests that if principles are universally agreed upon, then it would not be proof of innateness unless there exists other explanation forms (Locke I.i.4) However, Leibniz objects to think that principles which are universally agreed upon are innate through definition citing that â€Å"a principle being rather generally accepted among men is a sign, not a demonstration, that it is innate† (Leibniz 76). Locke perceives beliefs as a kind of thought which occurs consciously. However, this is a rare phenomenon in beliefs. Leibniz on the oth er hand discredits this thought and refers to memories which can occur devoid of conscious awareness. Despite the fact that all truths are universally agreed upon, there exists no proof for the lack of innateness because â€Å"even though they were known, they would still be innate, because they are accepted as soon as they are heard† (Leibniz 76). Therefore, Leibniz objects Locke’s argument that all that which is known is a derivative of the senses partially rejecting the concept of acquisition of knowledge by using senses (Leibniz 77), and to a certain extent, Locke agrees with Leibniz regarding the concept of innateness. Works Cited Cummins, Robert. Notes on Locke: Essay Concerning Human understanding.2009.Print. Leibniz, Wilhelm. New Essays of Human Understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1981. Institute of Learning Technologies. Web. Leibniz, Wilhelm. New Essays of Human Understanding. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong Press. 1981. Institute of Lear ning Technologies. Web. Locke, John. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. 6th ed.1689. Institute of Learning Technologies. Web. Locke, John. Second Treatise on Government. 1690. Institute of Learning Technologies. Web.6 Oct. 2011. This assessment on An assessment of Locke’s Writings was written and submitted by user PrinceofOrphans to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

New York State Unit Study - Geography, State Symbols Facts

New York State Unit Study - Geography, State Symbols Facts These state unit studies are designed to help children learn the geography of the United States and learn factual information about every state. These studies are great for children in the public and private education system as well as homeschooled children. Print the United States Map and color each state as you study it. Keep map at the front of your notebook for use with each state. Print the State Information Sheet and fill in the information as you find it. Print the New York State Outline Map and fill in the state capital, large cities and state attractions that you find. Answer the following questions on lined paper in complete sentences. State Capital What is the capital?Virtual Tour of the State CapitolState Flag What is Justice holding and what do they represent?Flag Quiz/PrintoutState Flower When was the state flower officially adopted?State Fruit When was the state fruit adopted?State Bird When do these birds return north?State Animal What is the state animal?State Fish Where are these fish found?State Insect How does this insect help gardeners?State Fossil What crab is this fossil related to?State Shell How do these scallops swim?State Tree When was the state tree adopted?State Gem What color is this gem?State Song Who wrote the state song?State Seal When was the current seal created?State Motto What is the state motto and what does it mean?State Muffin Make this state muffin and enjoy with the state beverage!State Beverage What is the state beverage? New York Printable Pages - Learn more about New York with these printable worksheets and coloring pages. Fun in the Kitchen - The official muffin of New York State, the Apple Muffin, was created by elementary school children in North Syracuse, New York. Try their official recipe. Presidents born in New York: Theodore RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt History - Learn about the history of New York. Big Apple Factoids - A New York Matching Game - be sure to read the facts after you find the match! New York Underground - New Yorkers go about unaware of what is happening just beneath their feet: Power pulses, information flies, and steam flows. Go on this virtual field trip underground! Niagara: The Story of the Falls - Take a journey down the perilous Niagara River, play the daredevil trivia adventure, explore the timeline of falls firsts, and discover surprising stories in snapshots of the falls. Empire State Building - Find fun facts, go on a photo tour, and play some games. The Chrysler Building - Pictures of this New York City skyscraper. Word Search - Find the hidden New York related words. Coloring Book - Print and color these pictures of the New York state symbols. Fun Facts - What is the states longest river? Read these fun New York facts and find out. Capitol Minutes - Short audio presentation of historical and educational interest. Buck Mountain - Take a virtual hike up Buck Mountain. Crossword Puzzle - Can you solve the crossword puzzle? Word Find - Find the hidden New York State Regions. Word Scramble - Can you unscramble these New York State symbols? Odd New York Law: It used to be illegal to ring the doorbell and disturb the occupant of a house.

The relationship between play and creativity Essay - 1

The relationship between play and creativity - Essay Example This close association between play and creativity has prompted practitioners and educators to design creative curriculum fostering creative environments in early school education. This paper seeks to review the literature on the relationship between play and creativity and the insights gained from the review will be beneficial for further interdisciplinary researches in this regard. A large number of researchers have tried to unearth how pretend play and elaborated role play are associated with creativity. Russ & Wallace (2013) regard pretend play among children as a creative act that is capable of stimulating and fostering creativity in adulthood. Pretend play triggers cognitive, affective, and interpersonal processes that are essential for the development of one’s creativity (Russ & Wallace, 2013, p. 136). The potential of pretend play to develop mature emotional control has also been documented in the literature. Hoffmann & Russ (2012, p. 182), in this respect, point out that children with higher levels of imagination, affect and organization during pretend play are better able to self-regulate and manage their emotions. Creativity researchers identify that both creativity and pretend play are characterized by cognitive abilities, the ability to create a variety of ideas, divergent thinking, broad associative skills, insight, cognitive flexibility, and perspective taking (Russ & Wallace, 2013, p. 137). The authors perceive pretend play as the creative outcome of children and emphasize on the need to undertake more in-depth researches on pretend play as a measure or predictor of creativity. The article throws light on a number of theories that explain how pretend play promotes creativity among children. Evolutionary theorists argue that pretend play prepare children for necessary adult activities; they claim that pretend play offers unique opportunity for children to practice with the skills of problem